Milestones
Milestones refer to key developmental stages that mark a child's progress in speech, language and communication skills. These milestones indicate typical age rangers when children are expected to achieve certain abilities. These help with tracking child's development.
At 1 years old, most children can...
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Smile when sees you
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Moves eyes in direction of sounds
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Responds to changes in tone of your voice
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Responds to their name
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Pays attention to music
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Enjoys games like peek-a-boo and pat-a-cake
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Listens when spoken to
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Recognizes words for common items (cup, book, shoe, spoon)
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Begins to respond to requests (want more?)
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Responds to ‘no’, ‘wait’ and ‘stop’
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May point to objects or people​
At 2 years old, most children can:
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Points to simple body parts when asked (nose, mouth)
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Follows simple commands and understands simple questions (roll the ball, kiss the baby)
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Listens to simple stories, songs, and rhymes
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Points to pictures in a book, when named
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Understands simple prepositions (on/off, in/out, up/down)
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Understands simple ‘what’ questions (what’s this?)
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Understands yes/no
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Shows interest in reading
At 3 years old, most children can:
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Follow two step related instructions e.g. "get your socks and put your shoes on"
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Understand prepositions (top/bottom, under/over)
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Understand quantity concepts (empty/full)
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Understand basic concepts (hard/soft, big/little, same/different)
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Point to body parts (simple- eyes, complex- eyebrows)
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Knows function of body parts and objects
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Understands ‘who’, ‘where’ and ‘what’ questions (what’s the dog doing?)
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Understands negatives (no shoes, not running)
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Recognises simple colours (red, blue, green)
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Name actions from pictures (running, jumping)
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Understand gender (boy/girl)​​
At 4 years old, most children can:
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Understand prepositions (front/back, next to)
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Understand concepts (long/tall/short)
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Understand quantity concepts (most/many)
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Understand sequence concepts (first/last)
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Understands ‘why’ and ‘how’ questions
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Recognises colours and shapes
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Follow 3 step instructions (pick up your shoes, put them on and walk to the door)
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Sort pictures/objects into categories
At 5 years old, most children can:
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Understand sequence concepts (first/second/third/last, beginning/middle/end)
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Recognise items that don’t belong in categories
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Understand ‘when’ questions
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Start to understand time concepts (day/night, morning, afternoon, night)
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Understand opposites and comparatives (big/biggest, wet/dry)
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Follow three part instructions, including time words (get your shoes before you get your hat)
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Understand numbers, letters and shapes